class: center middle main-title section-title-4 # Comparisons .class-info[ **Session 8** .light[PMAP 8921: Data Visualization with R<br> Andrew Young School of Policy Studies<br> Summer 2021] ] --- name: outline class: title title-inv-7 # Plan for today -- .box-2.medium.sp-after-half[Visualizing comparisons] -- .box-4.medium.sp-after-half[Reproducible examples] --- layout: false name: comparisons class: center middle section-title section-title-2 animated fadeIn # Visualizing comparisons --- layout: true class: title title-2 --- # Lollipops and bars .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/3-issues-worked-on.png" alt="NGO issues worked on from dissertation" title="NGO issues worked on from dissertation" width="90%"> </figure> ] --- layout: false class: bg-full background-image: url("img/08/life_expectancy_sparklines.png") ??? Source: [FlowingData](https://flowingdata.com/2017/01/24/one-dataset-visualized-25-ways/02-time-series-sparklines-2/) --- layout: true class: title title-2 --- # Small multiples .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/fivethirtyeight-approval.png" alt="Trump approval ratings compared to past presidents" title="Trump approval ratings compared to past presidents" width="75%"> <figcaption><a href="https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/trump-approval-ratings/" target="_blank">FiveThirtyEight, Trump approval ratings</a></figcaption> </figure> ] ??? Source: [FiveThirtyEight](https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/trump-approval-ratings/) --- # Small multiples with larger shapes .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/geofacet.png" alt="geofacet package" title="geofacet package" width="65%"> <figcaption><code>facet_geo()</code> in the <a href="https://hafen.github.io/geofacet/" target="_blank"><strong>geofacet</strong> package</a></figcaption> </figure> ] --- # Sparklines .pull-left-wide[ <figure> <img src="img/08/sparklines.png" alt="Sparks font project" title="Sparks font project" width="100%"> </figure> ] .pull-right-narrow[ <figure> <img src="img/08/apple-watch.png" alt="Sparklines on an Apple Watch" title="Sparklines on an Apple Watch" width="100%"> </figure> ] ??? In-text sparklines from the now-retired [Sparks project](http://tools.aftertheflood.com/sparks/) [Apple Watch example](https://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0001OR) --- # Slopegraphs .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/good-stuff-slopegraph.png" alt="Stephanie Evergreen New Year slopegraph" title="Stephanie Evergreen New Year slopegraph" width="35%"> </figure> ] ??? Original by [Stephanie Evergreen](https://www.zazzle.com/slopegraph_holiday_card_for_data_nerds-137238378061787506?rf=238910033403516222) --- # Slopegraphs .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/nyt-slope.gif" alt="Slopegraph from the NYT" title="Slopegraph from the NYT" width="27%"> </figure> ] ??? https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2009/04/06/health/infant_stats.html --- # Slopegraphs .pull-left[ <figure> <img src="img/08/tufte-cancer-table.gif" alt="Slopegraph from the NYT" title="Slopegraph from the NYT" width="100%"> </figure> ] .pull-right[ <figure> <img src="img/08/tufte-cancer-slopes.gif" alt="Slopegraph from the NYT" title="Slopegraph from the NYT" width="100%"> </figure> ] ??? https://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0000Jr --- # Bump charts .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/bumps.png" alt="Bump plot of the 2018 medal count" title="Bump plot of the 2018 medal count" width="55%"> </figure> ] ??? <https://dominikkoch.github.io/Bump-Chart/> --- layout: false name: reprex class: center middle section-title section-title-4 animated fadeIn # Reproducible examples --- layout: true class: title title-4 --- # This is 100% normal! .center[ <figure> <img src="img/08/looking-stuff-up.png" alt="Brandon Rohrer on looking code up" title="Brandon Rohrer on looking code up" width="70%"> </figure> ] ??? https://twitter.com/_brohrer_/status/1049388373541089280?s=12 --- # Broken cake .pull-left[ <figure> <img src="img/08/cake.jpg" alt="Collapsed cake" title="Collapsed cake" width="100%"> </figure> ] -- .pull-right[ .box-inv-4[Help! My cake broke!] .box-4.small[vs.] .box-inv-4[Help! I followed these<br>6 steps and my cake broke!] .box-1[Same principle<br>applies to code] ] ??? https://www.flickr.com/photos/slushpup/3700756035 --- # Reprexes .box-inv-4.medium.sp-after[**Rep**roducible **ex**ampl**es**] .box-4[Something anyone can run on their computer<br>to reproduce the problem you're facing] --- # Debugging and reprexes .box-inv-4[Simplify your code down to something very basic] -- .box-inv-4[Add additional things until stuff breaks] -- .box-inv-4[Use a subset of your data or invent fake data] -- .box-inv-4[Restart your session and see if it runs in a new session] -- .box-inv-4.sp-after[Ask the internet for help using your toy example] -- .box-4[75% of the time you'll find what's wrong as you make the reprex!] --- # Making datasets with `tribble()` .pull-left[ ```r my_data <- tribble( ~animal, ~number, "cat", 5, "dog", 4, "bear", 7, "bison", 1 ) ``` ] -- .pull-right[ ```r my_data ``` ``` ## # A tibble: 4 x 2 ## animal number ## <chr> <dbl> ## 1 cat 5 ## 2 dog 4 ## 3 bear 7 ## 4 bison 1 ``` ] --- # Example reprex .small-code[ ```r my_data <- tribble( ~animal, ~number, "cat", 5, "dog", 4, "bear", 7, "bison", 1 ) # This plot has a fill legend, but I want to remove it because it's redundant # What's the best way to get rid of the fill? ggplot(fake_data, aes(x = animal, y = number, fill = animal)) + geom_col() # I add something here, but what? ``` ]